Lundi, 5 août 2013

QUITO, CAPITALE DES VOLCANS

Quito et l’Équateur : pur condensé de ce que ce l’hémisphère sud-américain a de meilleur!...

 
Éprise d’aventure et Guide du Routard en poche, j’avais 18 ans seulement la première fois que j’ai mis le pied sur le sol équatorien. Jamais je n’ai oublié les contrastes, les odeurs et les couleurs qui m’ont saisie lors de ce voyage. Oubliez ce que vous avez vu au Mexique, à Cuba ou en République Dominicaine! L’Amérique du Sud est tout autre chose et l’Équateur est un pur condensé de ce que ce l’hémisphère sud-américain a de meilleur à offrir : montagnes vertigineuses et volcans,

forêts denses et mystérieuses, plages de sable blanc, plantations, peuples aux ethnies diversifiées, musiques entraînantes et j’en passe. 

Cela vous intéressera peut-être d’apprendre en prime que je m’y suis baignée avec les piranhas dans le Rio Napo, que j’ai mangé du caïman et du tapir en compagnie des Indigènes de la forêt orientale et que je n’avais jamais vu auparavant autant d’espèces de papillons! Désireux d’en faire autant ?



PLEINE NATURE

Coincé entre la Colombie et le Pérou, ce petit pays qui s’étend de l’océan Pacifique aux profondeurs de l’Amazonie en enjambant un morceau de la cordillère des Andes est un véritable kaléidoscope! Il se divise en trois grandes régions: les plaines côtières (la Costa) bordées de plages, les plaines orientales (el Oriente) abritant d’immenses forêts tropicales luxuriantes qui s’étendent jusqu’à l’Amazone, et les Andes (la Sierra) qui traversent le pays du Nord au Sud. Couverts de neiges éternelles, les volcans sont en vedettes et le coup d’œil vaut indéniablement le déplacement. Parmi les plus connus, il y a le Cotopaxi (5 897 mètres d’altitude), le plus haut volcan du monde encore en activité, le Pichincha (4 794 mètres d’altitude) et le Chimborazo (6 310 mètres d’altitude).



L’Équateur compte quatre grands groupes ethniques : les Indiens, les Métis, les Blancs et les Noirs. Les Blancs, descendants des conquistadores espagnols, constituent la classe privilégiée quoiqu’ils ne représentent qu’environ 10 % de la population totale.

Trente-cinq ans plus tard, mon histoire d’amour avec l’Ecuador et ses habitants n’a d’ailleurs pas pris une ride.



QUITO

Sur les flancs du Pichincha, Quito, la capitale fondée en 1534 par le conquistador espagnol Sebastian de Belalcazar, occupe un petit plateau de 12 000 m2 s’étendant sur près de 60 km de long par 5 km de large, à plus de 2 800 mètres d’altitude. À la fois métropole moderne et cité coloniale métissée, elle compte deux millions d’habitants et se divise en deux parties principales, l’une témoignant de l’héritage des Indiens et des conquistadores, l’autre résolument contemporaine.



À VOIR

Des églises et des monastères de l’époque coloniale aux murs tapissés d’or et d’argent, des ruelles bondées de monde d’où retentit le son endiablé de la cumbia, des demeures d’un autre siècle aux balcons richement ouvragés, des marchés colorés et inusités, une population locale fascinante.



LA VILLE ANCIENNE

Au Sud de la ville, la partie coloniale, sacrée « patrimoine culturel de l’humanité » par l’Unesco, est remarquable pour son architecture et ses places publiques, ses monastères, ses églises et sa cathédrale. Importante capitale de l’empire Inca en raison de sa position géographique stratégique, Quito possède aussi une riche histoire précolombienne. En plein cœur de la ville ancienne, on peut par exemple admirer une immense cathédrale construite au XVIe siècle sur les ruines d’un ancien temple Inca et dotée d’une incroyable voûte en croisée d’ogives mariant avec brio l’architecture espagnole et l’art indigène. Au pied de l’édifice, une grande place se déploie. Il s’agit de la Plaza de la Independencia, point de départ de toute promenade dans ce quartier, où s’entremêlent Indiens, Métis, descendants des Espagnols et touristes.





PARMI LES CURIOSITÉS


Citons la calleRonda, la rue la plus ancienne de la ville, avec ses maisons peintes en blanc et en bleu et ses charmants balcons ouvragés, le Musée d’archéologie et sa collection de 1200 objets témoins de la préhistoire jusqu’à l’époque coloniale, l’énorme statue de la vierge de Quito, construite au sommet d’une colline appelée El Panecillo mais qui peut être aperçue à l’extrémité sud de la rue du Venezuela, une des plus longues de la vieille ville, le monastère et l’église de San Francisco, l’église de la Compania, chef-d’œuvre de l’art colonial hispanique et l’église et le monastère de Santo Domingo construits au XVIIème siècle.



LE CENTRE MODERNE

Au Nord de la ville, non loin de l’aéroport international Mariscal Sucre, le Centre moderne présente un contraste saisissant et inattendu avec ces gratte-ciels à l’américaine et ses larges avenues, dont l’avenida Amazonas où se côtoient les banques internationales, les grands hôtels, les discothèques et les restaurants à la mode. Pour ceux et celles que cela intéresse, il y a de nombreuses discothèques ouvertes 24 heures sur 24.



BON À SAVOIR


Les hôtels bon marché pullulent en Équateur. À Quito, ils ont surtout pignon sur rue dans la vieille partie de la ville (la plus intéressante). Mais il y a aussi nombre d’hôtels de luxe (surtout dans la partie moderne) et même de forts intéressants petits hôtels boutiques (dans les deux parties). Pour trois fois rien, on mange fort bien à Quito et la cuisine équatorienne en général est délicieuse.  La soupe est souvent à l’honneur. Bien que le climat du pays soit l’un des plus agréable et stable qui soit, il ne faut pas oublier qu’on est en montagne et que la température est donc plutôt fraîche la nuit. En fait, la température moyenne à Quito varie entre 10 à 25°C dans une même journée.  Il est donc impératif de glisser une petite laine dans vos bagages. Les voitures taxis sont abondantes mais, point d’union entre les deux centres, un tramway vous mène d’un bout à l’autre de la ville dans l’axe Nord-Sud avec de fréquents passages et de nombreux arrêts. Plus intéressant que le taxi si vous souhaitez prendre le pouls de la cité. Enfin, gare aux pickpockets!

VOUS EN VOULEZ DAVANTAGE

ROSE-LINE-BRASSET

VOUS AVEZ DES QUESTIONS, DES COMMENTAIRES


Vous avez aimé cet article? Vous avez une demande spéciale concernant une destination en particulier ? L’espace qui suit vous appartient. J’attends vos commentaires et suggestions avec impatience!

VOIR LONDRES AVEC SES ENFANTS
Cet article est classé sous :Plaisirs & Voyages Quito Rose-Line Brasset
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Communication Legal Translation - 23 décembre 2021


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